CRD Credit Risk

The Advanced IRB Approach (A-IRB) allows institutions to estimate all risk parameters internally — probability of default (PD), loss given default (LGD), exposure at default (EAD) and credit conversion factors (CCF) — using proprietary models. ADVISORI guides you from model development through supervisory approval to ongoing validation — for risk-sensitive capital management under CRR III.

The CRD combined buffer requirement defines how capital conservation buffer, countercyclical buffer, systemic risk buffer and G-SII/O-SII buffers interact under a single framework. ADVISORI advises financial institutions on buffer stacking rules, capital distribution restrictions, MDA calculation and capital conservation planning — ensuring full compliance with the CRD buffer framework.

Capital adequacy requirements under the CRD comprise the overall capital requirement from Pillar 1 minimum, SREP capital add-on (P2R), combined buffer requirement, and Pillar 2 Guidance (P2G). We support banks in supervisory capital quantification, preparation for CRD VI changes, and integration of ESG risks into the capital adequacy assessment.

The CRD Capital Conservation Buffer under Art. 129 CRD V/VI requires EU credit institutions to hold 2.5% Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital above minimum requirements. When breached, the MDA (Maximum Distributable Amount) calculation triggers automatic distribution restrictions on dividends, bonuses, and AT1 coupons. ADVISORI advises on strategic buffer management, CRD VI implementation, and regulatory capital planning across the EU framework.

The countercyclical capital buffer under Art. 130 CRD (Directive 2013/36/EU) requires credit institutions to maintain an institution-specific buffer as the weighted average of applicable national CCyB rates. The calculation under Art. 140 CRD considers the geographic distribution of credit risk exposures. ADVISORI supports you with CRD-compliant buffer calculation, ESRB reciprocity requirements and implementation of CRD VI changes effective January 2026.

The Capital Requirements Directive (CRD) is the core EU directive governing banking supervision, governance, and authorization of credit institutions. From CRD IV through CRD V to the current CRD VI, it defines the supervisory framework that each EU member state must transpose into national law. ADVISORI has been supporting banks and financial institutions with CRD implementation for over 14 years.

Fit and Proper ensures that members of the management body, supervisory board and key function holders meet regulatory requirements for knowledge, experience, integrity and time commitment. With CRD VI expanding the scope to key function holders and the revised EBA/ESMA joint guidelines introducing AML/CFT competence requirements, banks face growing complexity in their suitability assessment processes. ADVISORI supports you with systematic implementation of all Fit and Proper requirements across the EU framework.

The CRD defines binding requirements for the internal governance of credit institutions – from the three lines of defence model through internal control systems to the independent compliance function. With the new EBA guidelines (EBA/CP/2025/20) and CRD VI, requirements for risk management governance, control functions, and organizational structures are tightening significantly. ADVISORI supports you with gap analysis, implementation, and ongoing monitoring of your internal governance framework aligned with EBA standards.

Directive 2013/36/EU (CRD IV) together with the CRR forms the regulatory foundation of EU banking supervision under Basel III. We support financial institutions in the full implementation of governance, SREP and Pillar 2 requirements — from gap analysis to supervisory-compliant implementation.

The use of internal models to calculate risk-weighted assets requires supervisory approval from the ECB and national authorities. We guide your institution through the entire IRB approval process — from model development and validation per the revised ECB guide 2025 to successful regulatory approval. With our expertise, you navigate the tightened CRD VI requirements, the output floor and internal model restrictions with confidence.

The CRD establishes binding liquidity requirements for EU banks — from the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) and Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) to internal liquidity risk management. ADVISORI supports financial institutions with regulatory implementation, liquidity governance and building robust stress testing frameworks.

The Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) requires credit institutions to hold sufficient high-quality liquid assets (HQLA) to cover net cash outflows over a 30-day stress scenario. The minimum ratio is 100%. Under the EU implementation of Basel III through CRR/CRD, Delegated Regulation 2015/61 governs HQLA categories, inflow/outflow rates, and reporting requirements. ADVISORI supports banks with compliant LCR calculation, HQLA optimization, and supervisory reporting.

Professional consulting for the implementation and optimization of market risk management systems in accordance with the requirements of the Capital Requirements Directive (CRD). We support you in meeting regulatory requirements and making strategic use of market risk information.

CRD Net Stable Funding Ratio defines a structural liquidity metric to promote stable funding structures and reduce liquidity transformation risks in EU financial institutions. As a leading consulting firm, we develop tailored RegTech solutions for intelligent Available Stable Funding optimization, automated Required Stable Funding calculation, and predictive NSFR management with full IP protection.

Identify, assess, and manage operational risks under CRR Art. 312§324 and CRD systematically. We guide your institution through selecting the right measurement approach — from the basic indicator approach and standardised approach to the SMA transition under Basel III — and implement OpRisk frameworks with loss databases, RCSA processes, and KRI systems.

CRD outsourcing establishes the strategic foundation for modern banking outsourcing management and defines comprehensive third-party risk management systems, service provider monitoring, and outsourcing procedures for financial institutions. As a leading consulting firm, we develop tailored RegTech solutions for intelligent outsourcing orchestration, automated outsourcing management systems, and predictive third-party excellence with full IP protection.

CRD Passporting establishes the strategic foundation for modern EU Banking Passport operations and defines comprehensive cross-border services, branch systems and international regulatory coordination for financial institutions. As a leading consulting firm, we develop tailored RegTech solutions for intelligent passporting orchestration, automated cross-border compliance systems and predictive EU banking excellence with full IP protection.

Pillar 1 of the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) defines the minimum capital requirements for EU credit institutions: 4.5% CET1, 6% Tier 1 capital, and 8% total capital ratio relative to risk-weighted assets (RWA). ADVISORI supports banks with compliant RWA calculation, choosing between the credit risk standardised approach and the IRB approach, and ongoing capital planning.

CRD Pillar 2 defines supervisory review procedures and internal capital adequacy assessments for EU financial institutions. As a leading consulting firm, we develop tailored RegTech solutions for ICAAP automation, SREP optimisation and intelligent supervisory dialogue with full IP protection.

CRD Pillar 3 defines comprehensive disclosure requirements and transparency obligations for EU financial institutions to strengthen market discipline. As a leading consulting firm, we develop tailored RegTech solutions for automated disclosure processes, intelligent transparency management, and fully automated compliance monitoring with complete IP protection.